Course Content
Hiragana and Katakana
Hiragana (ひらがな) – a set of 47 base letters (and additional variants) used mainly for native Japanese words, grammatical elements, and suffixes. Katakana (カタカナ) – another set of 47 base letters (and variants), used primarily for foreign words, loanwords, technological terms, brand names, onomatopoeia, and for adding emphasis.
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JLPT N5 Master Course: Your First Step into Japanese

1. Dakuten (゛)Voiced Sounds

Adding ゛(dakuten) to certain Katakana changes the sound:

Without Dakuten With Dakuten Sound Change Example
カ (ka) ガ (ga) k → g ガム (gum)
サ (sa) ザ (za) s → z ズーム (Zoom)
タ (ta) ダ (da) t → d ダンス (dance)
ハ (ha) バ (ba) h → b バナナ (banana)

2. Handakuten (゜)“P” Sounds Only for H-Row

Handakuten (゜) changes ハ-line into P sounds:

Without With Handakuten Sound Change Example
ハ (ha) パ (pa) h → p パスタ (pasta)
ヒ (hi) ピ (pi) h → p ピザ (pizza)
フ (fu) プ (pu) h → p プール (pool)